The Adafruit Trinket mini-microcontrollers are tiny (27 x 15mm) Arduino compatible processor boards which are programmable via their micro-USB socket. Their ATtiny85 processor has 8k bytes of flash (programme) memory, 512 bytes of SRAM (static RAM), 512 bytes of EEPROM and runs at 8MHz. The boards are capable of outputting 150mA and have an ultra-low drop-out regulator which will switch between USB and battery supply automatically. Adafruit provide a free tutorial and example code to get you started, imagine driving 150 NeoPixels with such a dinky board.
There are two versions, 75-0580 which uses 3.3V and runs at 8MHz or 75-0581 which uses 5V and runs at 8 or 16MHz.